The CLOS system uses only the angular coordinates between the missile and the target to ensure the collision.
#Command line of sight control systems pdf manual
Sometimes to aid the tracking station, a missile will contain a radio transmitter, making it easier to track. On others, the radar can send coded pulses which a missile can sense and interpret as guidance commands. Radio antenna or antennas to communicate with a missile. If the missile passes close to the target, either its ownĬontact fuze will detonate the warhead, or the guidance system can estimate when the missile will pass near a target and send a detonation signal.
#Command line of sight control systems pdf update
If the target maneuvers, the guidance system can sense this and update the missiles' course continuously to counteract such maneuvering. If not, the guidance system will relay commands to a missile, telling it to move the fins in a way that steers in the direction needed to maneuver to an intercept course with the target. It determines the positions and velocities of a target and a missile, and calculates whether their paths will intersect. Typically, the system giving the guidance commands is tracking both the target and the missile or missiles via This control may also command the missile to detonate, even if the missile has a Missile guidance in which a ground station or aircraft relay signals to aĪ wire connecting the missile to the launcher and tell the missile where to steer to intercept its target. JSTOR ( January 2015) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message).Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Yom Kippur War 1973 – AT-3 Sagger – between 25% at the start in well trained Egyptian hands and 2% at the end in less well trained Syrian hands once the threat was understood by Israeli tank crews.This article needs additional citations forĪdding citations to reliable sources.Vietnam War 1972 – fired by American troops, the French SS.11 – about 10% compared with over 50% for the SACLOS BGM-71 TOW.Six-Day War 1967 – AT-1 Snapper – limited use, only one tank kill is attributed with a hit probability of less than 25%.Actual figures from combat operations suggest that it is much lower than SACLOS guided missiles. The accuracy achieved by MCLOS missiles is hard to put a firm figure on, since it is highly dependent on the skill of the operator and any distractions the operator has to contend with (such as being fired upon). The Vickers Vigilant attempted to solve this by using a "velocity control" method with an on-board gyroscope, rather than simpler "acceleration control". MCLOS guidance today has mostly been replaced by the easier-to-use semi-automatic command to line of sight (SACLOS), which allows the gunner to merely track the target with an optical sight (which guides the missile), rather than being forced to both visually track the target and fly the missile manually.
As demonstrated by the Israeli Army under fire from Soviet-armed Arab states, responding to the distinctive smoke puff of a missile launch with rapid manoeuvres and immediate counter-fire minimizes their accuracy, as very few anti-tank guided missile (ATGM) gunners maintain their concentration on a fast-moving tank for the entire flight time of the missile while under suppressing fire. These guidance systems have marginal accuracy on tank-sized targets, even with perfect line-of-sight by the gunner, due to erratic flight paths requiring timely manual corrections. MCLOS requires considerable training and practice to master, since even a minor disruption in the gunner's concentration would likely cause a miss. The missiles are usually equipped with a magnesium flare in the base that automatically ignites on launch and allows the gunner to visually track the fast-moving missile in a manner similar in concept to tracer ammunition. Typically the missile is steered with a joystick, and its path is observed through a periscope-type telescopic sight. With an MCLOS missile, the operator must track the missile and the target simultaneously and guide the missile to the target. Manual command to line of sight ( MCLOS) is a method for guiding guided missiles.
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